The approach of in situ TE is built on the notion that the natural inflammatory response can be harnessed to induce endogenous tissue regeneration. The resorbable immunomodulatory scaffold provides a temporary microenvironment, which functions as an instructive road map for endogenous cells to infiltrate and create new, living, and functional tissue. It is hypothesized that, upon implantation, the scaffold provides support for mature tissue formation and adequate mechanical properties to withstand the hemodynamic loads. Over time, the scaffold should slowly resorb, ultimately resulting in a purely biological structure which has the ability to repair, remodel, and grow.